Tsarin gaba ɗaya na horar da masu gyaran jiki don karyewar jijiya ta Achilles, babban jigon gyaran jiki shine: aminci da farko, motsa jiki na gyaran jiki bisa ga nasu ra'ayi.
Mataki na farko bayan tiyata
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Lokacin kariya da warkarwa (makonni 1-6).
Abubuwan da ke buƙatar kulawa: 1. Guji miƙewa a jijiyar Achilles; 2. Ya kamata a lanƙwasa gwiwa mai aiki a digiri 90, kuma ya kamata a iyakance durƙusar idon sawu zuwa matsayi mara tsaka tsaki (0°); 3. Guji matsewa mai zafi; 4. Guji yin lanƙwasa na dogon lokaci.
Motsin haɗin gwiwa da wuri da kuma ɗaukar nauyin da aka kare su ne mafi mahimmancin abubuwan da ke cikin lokacin farko bayan tiyata. Domin ɗaukar nauyi da motsa haɗin gwiwa suna inganta warkarwa da ƙarfi na jijiyar Achilles, kuma suna iya hana mummunan tasirin hana motsi (misali, ɓarnar tsoka, taurin haɗin gwiwa, ciwon gaɓɓai masu lalacewa, samuwar mannewa, da kuma zurfin thrombus na kwakwalwa).
An umurci marasa lafiya su yi wasu ayyukan motsa jikihaɗin gwiwamotsi a kowace rana, gami da dorsiflexion na idon sawu, lanƙwasawa ta plantar, varus, da valgus. Ya kamata a iyakance dorsiflexion na idon sawu mai aiki zuwa 0° a digiri 90 na lanƙwasa gwiwa. Ya kamata a guji motsi da shimfiɗa haɗin gwiwa mai aiki don kare jijiya mai warkarwa daga miƙewa ko fashewa.
Idan majiyyaci ya fara ɗaukar nauyin jiki kaɗan zuwa cikakken nauyi, za a iya gabatar da motsa jiki na babur a tsaye a wannan lokacin. Ya kamata a umurci majiyyaci da ya yi amfani da bayan ƙafar maimakon ƙafar gaba lokacin hawa keke. Tausa tabo da motsi na haɗin gwiwa mai sauƙi na iya inganta warkarwa da hana mannewa da tauri a haɗin gwiwa.
Maganin sanyi da ɗaga ƙafar da abin ya shafa na iya rage radadi da kumburi. Ya kamata a umurci marasa lafiya da su ɗaga ƙafar da abin ya shafa gwargwadon iyawa a duk tsawon yini kuma su guji riƙe nauyin na tsawon lokaci. Haka kuma ana iya shawartar majiyyaci da ya shafa kankara sau da yawa na minti 20 a kowane lokaci.
Motsa jiki na kwatangwalo da gwiwa ya kamata su yi amfani da tsarin horo na juriya mai ci gaba. Marasa lafiya masu ƙarancin nauyin jiki za su iya amfani da darussan buɗaɗɗen sarka da na'urorin isotonic.
Ma'aunin Magani: Lokacin amfani da sandar axillary ko sanda a ƙarƙashin jagorancin likita, sanya abin ɗaukar nauyi mai ci gaba a ƙarƙashin takalma masu tsayayye masu ƙafafu; dorsiflexion na idon sawu mai aiki/lankwashewar plantar/varus/valgus; tabon tausa; sassauta haɗin gwiwa; motsa jiki na ƙarfin tsoka na proximal; maganin motsa jiki; maganin sanyi.
Makonni 0-2: Gyaran ƙafar ƙafa mai gajere, idon ƙafa a matsayi mara motsi; ɗaukar nauyin da ke ɗauke da sandunan ƙarfe idan an yarda; kankara + maganin matsi na gida/bugun jini; lanƙwasa gwiwa da kariyar idon ƙafa. Lanƙwasawa a cikin ƙafa, varus, valgus; juriya quadriceps, gluteal, horar da ɗaga kwatangwalo.
Makonni 3: Tallafin ƙafafu na ɗan gajeren lokaci ba ya motsi, ƙafafu a matsayi na tsaka-tsaki. Tafiya mai ɗaukar nauyi mai ci gaba da amfani da sandunan motsa jiki; motsa jiki +- taimakawa wajen lanƙwasa ƙafafu a ƙasa/ƙafa, horar da ƙafafu na valgus (+- horar da allon daidaitawa); Yana hanzarta ƙananan motsin haɗin gwiwa na idon ƙafa (intertarsal, subtalar, tibiotalar) a matsayi na tsaka-tsaki; yana tsayayya da horar da quadriceps, gluteal, da hips.
Makonni 4: Horar da dorsiflexion na idon sawu mai aiki; juriya mai aiki a lanƙwasa tafin kafa, varus, da juyawar gaba tare da igiyoyin roba masu roba; horar da tafiya mai ɗaukar nauyi-horon juriya mai ƙarancin isokinetic (> digiri 30/sec); zama ƙasa a zaune a ƙasa Horar da gyaran diddige mai juriya.
Makonni 5: Cire takalmin ƙafar ƙafa, kuma wasu marasa lafiya za su iya zuwa horo a waje; horar da ƙafafu biyu na ɗaga maraƙi; horar da ƙafa mai ɗauke da nauyi - horar da juriya mai matsakaici (digiri 20-30/daƙiƙa); Horar da na'urar motsa jiki ta diddige mai kujera ƙasa; Horar da tuƙi (kariya yayin murmurewa).
Makonni 6: Duk marasa lafiya sun cire takalmin gyaran kafa kuma sun yi horon tafiya a kan saman lebur na waje; horar da tsawaita jijiyar Achilles ta gargajiya a matsayin zama; horar da ƙarfin tsoka mai juyi (ƙarfin jurewa mara aiki) (juriyar varus, juriyar valgus) ƙungiyoyi biyu; horar da daidaiton ƙafa ɗaya (Bangaren lafiya --- ɓangaren da abin ya shafa yana sauyawa a hankali); nazarin tafiya a hankali.
Ka'idojin haɓakawa: ana sarrafa ciwo da kumburi; ana iya ɗaukar nauyi a ƙarƙashin jagorancin likita; doguwar ƙafar idon sawu ta kai matsayi mara tsaka-tsaki; ƙarfin tsoka na ƙananan gaɓoɓin kusa da kai ya kai matsayi na 5/5.
Mataki na biyu bayan tiyata
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A mataki na biyu, an sami canje-canje a fili a matakin ɗaukar nauyi, ƙaruwar ROM na gaɓɓan da abin ya shafa da kuma ƙara ƙarfin tsoka.
Babban burin: Don dawo da isasshen motsi na aiki don tafiya da hawa matakala. Maido da ƙarfin doguwar ƙafa, varus, da valgus zuwa matakin da ya dace na 5/5. Komawa zuwa matakin da ya dace.
Matakan magani:
A ƙarƙashin kariya, yana iya jure wa motsa jiki mai ɗaukar nauyi zuwa cikakken motsa jiki mai ɗaukar nauyi, kuma yana iya cire sandunan motsa jiki lokacin da babu ciwo; motsa jiki na tsarin motsa jiki na ƙarƙashin ruwa; takalmin diddige a cikin takalma yana taimakawa wajen dawo da tafiya ta al'ada; motsa jiki na dorsiflexion/plantar lankwasawa / varus / valgus; horon proprioceptive; motsa jiki na ƙarfin isometric / isotonic: juyawar idon ƙafa / valgus.
Motsa jiki na farko na jijiyoyin jiki da haɗin gwiwa don haɓaka dawo da motsin jiki, jijiyoyin jiki da daidaito. Yayin da aka dawo da ƙarfi da daidaito, tsarin motsa jiki kuma yana canzawa daga ƙananan gaɓoɓi zuwa ƙananan gaɓoɓin gefe ɗaya. Ya kamata a ci gaba da tausa tabo, maganin motsa jiki, da ƙaramin motsa jiki na haɗin gwiwa kamar yadda ake buƙata.
Makonni 7-8: Ya kamata majiyyaci ya fara sanya takalmin gyaran kafa a ƙarƙashin kariyar sanduna don kammala ɗaukar nauyin gaɓɓan da abin ya shafa, sannan a cire sandunan a saka takalma don ɗaukar nauyin gaba ɗaya. Ana iya sanya takalmin gyaran ƙafa a cikin takalmin yayin sauyawa daga takalmin gyaran ƙafa zuwa takalmin.
Tsayin dunkulen diddige ya kamata ya ragu yayin da motsin haɗin gwiwa ke ƙaruwa. Idan tafiyar majiyyaci ta koma daidai, za a iya rage dunkulen diddige.
Tafiya ta yau da kullun abu ne da ake buƙata don tafiya ba tare da an ɗaga ƙafa ba. Famfon ƙafafu sun haɗa da lanƙwasa ƙafafu da faɗaɗa ƙafafu. Dorsiflexion yana nufin cewa yatsun ƙafafu suna da ƙarfi kamar yadda zai yiwu, wato, an tilasta ƙafar ta koma matsayin iyaka;
A wannan matakin, ana iya fara motsa jiki mai sauƙi na juyi da juyi na tsoka, kuma ana iya amfani da madaurin roba don yin atisaye a matakin ƙarshe. Gina ƙarfin tsoka ta hanyar zana siffar haruffan da idon sawunka a kan na'urar da ke da ma'auni da yawa. Idan an cimma isasshen motsi.
Za ka iya fara yin atisayen manyan tsokoki guda biyu na lanƙwasa ƙafar maraƙi. Ana iya fara atisayen juriya ga lanƙwasa ƙafar maraƙi tare da lanƙwasa gwiwa zuwa digiri 90 bayan makonni 6 bayan tiyata. Ana iya fara atisayen juriya ga lanƙwasa ƙafar maraƙi tare da tsawaita gwiwa kafin mako na 8.
Ana iya yin aikin lanƙwasa ƙafa a wannan matakin ta amfani da na'urar feda mai faɗaɗa gwiwa da injin lanƙwasa ƙafa. A wannan lokacin, ya kamata a yi motsa jiki na keke da aka tsara tare da ƙafar gaba, kuma a hankali ya kamata a ƙara yawan. Tafiya baya a kan na'urar motsa jiki ta motsa jiki tana ƙara ƙarfin lanƙwasa ƙafar baya. Waɗannan marasa lafiya galibi suna ganin tafiya baya ta fi daɗi saboda yana rage buƙatar yin lanƙwasa ƙafar gaba. Haka kuma yana yiwuwa a gabatar da motsa jiki na gaba. Ana iya ƙara tsayin matakan a hankali.
Ƙaramin squat tare da kariya daga idon sawu (an faɗaɗa jijiyar Achilles a ƙarƙashin yanayin ciwo mai jurewa); ƙungiyoyi uku na horar da tsoka mai juyi matsakaici (mai jurewa mara aiki) (juriyar varus, juriyar valgus); Ɗaga yatsan ƙafa (horon juriya mai ƙarfi na soleus); ɗaga ƙafar ƙafa da gwiwoyi a tsaye a wurin zama (horon juriya mai ƙarfi na gastrocnemius).
Tallafa nauyin jiki a kan ma'aunin daidaitawa don ƙarfafa horar da tafiya mai cin gashin kai; yi horon ɗaga maraƙi +- ƙarfafa EMG a tsaye; yi sake koyar da tafiya a ƙarƙashin na'urar motsa jiki; yi horon motsa jiki na motsa jiki tare da ƙafar gaba (kimanin mintuna 15); horar da daidaito (allon daidaitawa).
Makonni 9-12: horar da tsayin maraƙi na triceps; horar da juriyar ɗaga maraƙi a tsaye (ƙafafun ƙafafu suna taɓa ƙasa, idan ya cancanta, ana iya ƙara motsa tsoka ta lantarki); horar da juriyar gyaran ƙafafu na gaba (kimanin mintuna 30); ɗaga ƙafa, horar da tafiya ƙasa, kowane mataki yana da nisan inci 12, tare da sarrafawa mai ma'ana da na al'ada; tafiya sama gaba, tafiya ƙasa baya; horar da daidaiton trampoline.
Bayan gyarawa
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Mako na 16: Horar da sassauci (Tai Chi); fara shirin gudu; horon isometric mai maki da yawa.
Watanni 6: Kwatanta ƙananan gaɓoɓi; gwajin motsa jiki na isokinetic; nazarin nazarin tafiya; ɗaga ƙafa ɗaya na ɗan maraƙi na tsawon daƙiƙa 30.
Sichuan CAH
WhatsApp/Wechat: +8615682071283
Email: liuyaoyao@medtechcah.com
Lokacin Saƙo: Nuwamba-25-2022
