Simintin ƙashi na ƙashi kayan aikin likita ne da ake amfani da shi sosai a tiyatar ƙashi. Ana amfani da shi galibi don gyara kayan haɗin gwiwa na roba, cike ramukan lahani na ƙashi, da kuma samar da tallafi da gyarawa a lokacin maganin karyewa. Yana cike gibin da ke tsakanin haɗin gwiwa na roba da kyallen ƙashi, yana rage lalacewa da kuma wargaza damuwa, kuma yana ƙara tasirin tiyatar maye gurbin haɗin gwiwa.
Babban amfani da kusoshin siminti na ƙashi sune:
1. Gyara karaya: Ana iya amfani da simintin ƙashi don cikewa da gyara wuraren karaya.
2. Tiyatar ƙashi: A tiyatar ƙashi, ana amfani da simintin ƙashi don gyara da sake gina saman haɗin gwiwa.
3. Gyaran lahani na ƙashi: Simintin ƙashi na iya cike gibin ƙashi da kuma inganta farfaɗo da kyallen ƙashi.
Mafi kyau, simintin ƙashi ya kamata ya kasance yana da waɗannan halaye: (1) isasshen allura, halayen da za a iya tsara su, haɗin kai, da kuma tasirin rediyo don ingantaccen halayen sarrafawa; (2) isasshen ƙarfin injiniya don ƙarfafawa nan take; (3) isasshen porosity don ba da damar zagayawa cikin ruwa, ƙaura ta ƙwayoyin halitta, da sabon haɓakar ƙashi; (4) kyakkyawan osteoconductivity da osteoinductivity don haɓaka sabon samuwar ƙashi; (5) matsakaicin lalacewa ta halitta don dacewa da resorption na kayan simintin ƙashi tare da sabon samuwar ƙashi; da kuma (6) ingantattun damar isar da magunguna.
A shekarun 1970, an yi amfani da simintin ƙashi donhaɗin gwiwagyaran ƙashi, kuma ana iya amfani da shi azaman kayan cika nama da gyara a fannin kashin baya da kuma likitan haƙori. A halin yanzu, simintin ƙashi da aka fi amfani da shi kuma aka yi bincike a kai sun haɗa da simintin ƙashi na polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), simintin ƙashi na calcium phosphate da simintin ƙashi na calcium sulfate. A halin yanzu, nau'ikan simintin ƙashi da aka fi amfani da su sun haɗa da simintin ƙashi na polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), simintin ƙashi na calcium phosphate da simintin ƙashi na calcium sulfate, waɗanda daga cikinsu simintin ƙashi na PMMA da simintin ƙashi na calcium phosphate sune aka fi amfani da su. Duk da haka, simintin ƙashi na calcium sulfate ba shi da tasirin halittu mai kyau kuma ba zai iya samar da haɗin sinadarai tsakanin dasa calcium sulfate da kyallen ƙashi ba, kuma zai lalace cikin sauri. Simintin ƙashi na calcium sulfate za a iya sha gaba ɗaya cikin makonni shida bayan dasawa a cikin jiki. Wannan lalacewa cikin sauri bai dace da tsarin samuwar ƙashi ba. Saboda haka, idan aka kwatanta da simintin ƙashi na calcium phosphate, haɓakawa da aikace-aikacen asibiti na simintin ƙashi na calcium sulfate suna da iyaka. Simintin ƙashi na PMMA polymer ne da aka samar ta hanyar haɗa abubuwa biyu: monomer na ruwa methyl methacrylate da dynamic methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer. Yana da ƙarancin ragowar monomer, ƙarancin juriya ga gajiya da fashewar damuwa, kuma yana iya haifar da sabbin samuwar ƙashi da rage yawan halayen da ke haifar da karyewar da ƙarfin tauri da kuma ƙarfin da ba shi da ƙarfi sosai. Babban sinadarin foda ɗinsa shine polymethyl methacrylate ko methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer, kuma babban sinadarin ruwan shine methyl methacrylate monomer.
Simintin ƙashi na PMMA yana da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi da kuma laushi, kuma yana tauri da sauri, don haka marasa lafiya za su iya tashi daga gado su yi ayyukan gyara da wuri bayan tiyata. Yana da kyakkyawan laushin siffar jiki, kuma mai aiki zai iya yin duk wani laushi kafin simintin ƙashi ya tauri. Kayan yana da kyakkyawan aikin aminci, kuma jikin ɗan adam ba ya lalacewa ko shanye shi bayan ya yi girma a jiki. Tsarin sinadarai yana da ƙarfi, kuma an san halayen injiniya.
Duk da haka, har yanzu yana da wasu rashin amfani, kamar haifar da matsin lamba mai yawa a cikin ramin ƙashi yayin cikawa, yana haifar da ɗigon kitse ya shiga cikin jijiyoyin jini kuma yana haifar da embolism. Ba kamar ƙashi na ɗan adam ba, haɗin gwiwa na wucin gadi na iya zama sassautawa akan lokaci. Monomers na PMMA suna fitar da zafi yayin polymerization, wanda zai iya haifar da lalacewa ga kyallen takarda ko ƙwayoyin da ke kewaye. Kayan da ke samar da simintin ƙashi suna da wasu guba, da sauransu.
Sinadaran da ke cikin simintin ƙashi na iya haifar da rashin lafiyan jiki, kamar kurji, kurji, rashin jin daɗi da sauran alamu, kuma a cikin mawuyacin hali, girgizar rashin lafiyan na iya faruwa. Ya kamata a yi gwajin rashin lafiyan kafin amfani don guje wa rashin lafiyan. Abubuwan da ba su dace ba ga simintin ƙashi sun haɗa da rashin lafiyar simintin ƙashi, zubar da simintin ƙashi, sassauta simintin ƙashi da kuma wargajewa. Zubar da simintin ƙashi na iya haifar da kumburin nama da halayen guba, har ma yana iya lalata jijiyoyi da jijiyoyin jini, wanda ke haifar da rikitarwa. Gyara simintin ƙashi abin dogaro ne kuma yana iya ɗaukar fiye da shekaru goma, ko ma fiye da shekaru ashirin.
Tiyatar simintin ƙashi tiyata ce ta yau da kullun wacce ba ta da wani tasiri sosai, kuma sunan kimiyya shine vertebroplasty. Simintin ƙashi abu ne mai polymer mai kyau kafin ya taurare. Yana iya shiga ƙashin baya cikin sauƙi ta hanyar allurar huda, sannan ya bazu tare da fashewar karyewar ciki ta ƙashin baya; simintin ƙashi yana tauri cikin kimanin mintuna 10, yana manne tsagewar a cikin ƙashi, kuma simintin ƙashi mai tauri zai iya taka rawa wajen tallafawa a cikin ƙashi, yana sa ƙashin baya ya fi ƙarfi. Duk tsarin magani yana ɗaukar mintuna 20-30 kawai.
Domin gujewa yaɗuwa bayan allurar simintin ƙashi, an ƙera wata sabuwar na'urar tiyata, wato na'urar vertebroplasty. Tana yin ƙaramin yankewa a bayan majiyyaci kuma tana amfani da allurar huda ta musamman don huda jikin ƙashin baya ta fata a ƙarƙashin sa ido kan X-ray don kafa hanyar aiki. Sannan ana saka balan-balan don siffanta jikin ƙashin baya da aka matse, sannan a saka simintin ƙashi a cikin jikin ƙashin baya don dawo da bayyanar jikin ƙashin baya da ya karye. Ana matse ƙashin da ke cikin ƙashin baya ta hanyar faɗaɗa balan-balan don samar da shinge don hana zubewar simintin ƙashi, yayin da ake rage matsin lamba yayin allurar simintin ƙashi, ta haka ne ake rage zubewar simintin ƙashi sosai. Yana iya rage yawan rikice-rikicen da suka shafi hutun gadon da ya karye, kamar ciwon huhu, ciwon matsi, kamuwa da cutar fitsari, da sauransu, da kuma guje wa mummunan zagayen osteoporosis da asarar ƙashi ke haifarwa saboda hutun gado na dogon lokaci.
Idan an yi tiyatar PKP, yawanci majiyyaci ya kamata ya kwanta a kan gado cikin awanni 2 bayan tiyatar, kuma zai iya juyawa a kan axis. A wannan lokacin, idan akwai wani yanayi na rashin daidaituwa ko kuma ciwon ya ci gaba da tsananta, ya kamata a sanar da likita kan lokaci.
Lura:
① Guji manyan ayyukan juyawa da lanƙwasawa;
② A guji zama ko tsayawa na dogon lokaci;
③ Guji ɗaukar nauyi ko lanƙwasawa don ɗaukar abubuwa a ƙasa;
④ A guji zama a kan kujera mai ƙasa;
⑤ Hana faɗuwa da sake dawowar karyewar ƙashi.
Lokacin Saƙo: Nuwamba-25-2024
